???????? Argentina Italian descendants: It is estimated that about 60% of the Argentine population has Italian ancestry, representing approximately 25 million people.

Common surnames: Rossi, Bianchi, Ferrari. German descendants: The population of German descendants in Argentina is estimated at around 2.5 million Common surnames: Müller, Schmidt, Schneider.

???????? Brazil Italian descendants: Brazil hosts the largest community of Italian descendants outside Italy, with about 33 million people, representing approximately 15% of the Brazilian population.

Common surnames: Russo, Romano, Ferrari.

German descendants: Brazil also has a significant population of German descendants, especially in the South, with about 12million people.

Common surnames: Müller, Schmidt, Schneider.

???????? Chile Italian descendants: Italian immigration in Chile was significant, with around 600,000 descendants in the country.

Common surnames: Rossi, Bianchi, Ferrari.

German descendants: The population of German descendants in Chile is estimated at 500,000 to 600,000 people, mainly in the southern region.

Common surnames: Krause, Vogel.

???????? Paraguay Italian descendants: About 40% of the Paraguayan population has Italian ancestry, representing approximately 3 million people. Common surnames: González, Rodríguez.

German descendants: The population of German descendants in Paraguay is estimated at around 300,000 people. Common surnames: Schmitt, Hoffmann.

???????? Uruguay Italian descendants: Uruguay also received a significant number of Italian immigrants, with around 1.5 million descendants.

Common surnames: Brunetti, Conti. German descendants: German immigration in Uruguay was less prominent but still significant, with communities mainly in rural areas. Common surnames: Schmidt, Müller.

???????? Venezuela Italian descendants: Venezuela received a considerable number of Italian immigrants, with about 500,000 descendants.

Common surnames: Rossi, Bianchi, Ferrari.

German descendants: German immigration in Venezuela was less prominent but still significant, mainly in urban areas.

Common surnames: Müller, Schmidt, Schneider.

???????? Colombia Italian descendants: Italian immigration in Colombia was significant, with around 500,000 descendants.

Common surnames: Rossi, Bianchi, Ferrari.

German descendants: German immigration in Colombia was less prominent but still significant, with communities mainly in urban areas. Common surnames: Müller, Schmidt, Schneider.